The role of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus.
Identifieur interne : 000383 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000382; suivant : 000384The role of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus.
Auteurs : Christos Ganos [Allemagne] ; Panagiotis Kassavetis ; Roberto Erro ; Mark J. Edwards ; John Rothwell ; Kailash P. BhatiaSource :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 1531-8257 ] ; 2014.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Ataxia (pathology), Ataxia (physiopathology), Cerebellum (pathology), Cerebellum (physiopathology), Cerebral Cortex (pathology), Cerebral Cortex (physiopathology), Electroencephalography, Humans, Myoclonus (etiology), Myoclonus (pathology), Myoclonus (physiopathology), Synaptic Transmission (physiology).
- MESH :
- etiology : Myoclonus.
- pathology : Ataxia, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Myoclonus.
- physiology : Synaptic Transmission.
- physiopathology : Ataxia, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Myoclonus.
- Electroencephalography, Humans.
Abstract
The putative involvement of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonic syndromes has been long hypothesized, as neuropathological changes in patients with cortical myoclonus have most commonly been found in the cerebellum rather than in the suspected culprit, the primary somatosensory cortex. A model of increased cortical excitability due to loss of cerebellar inhibitory control via cerebello-thalamo-cortical connections has been proposed, but evidence remains equivocal. Here, we explore this hypothesis by examining syndromes that present with cortical myoclonus and ataxia. We first describe common clinical characteristics and underlying neuropathology. We critically view information on cerebellar physiology with regard to motorcortical output and compare findings between hypothesized and reported neurophysiological changes in conditions with cortical myoclonus and ataxia. We synthesize knowledge and focus on neurochemical changes in these conditions. Finally, we propose that the combination of alterations in inhibitory neurotransmission and the presence of cerebellar pathology are important elements in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.25867
PubMed: 24634361
Affiliations:
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Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John" sort="Rothwell, John" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John" last="Rothwell">John Rothwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:24634361</idno><idno type="pmid">24634361</idno><idno type="doi">10.1002/mds.25867</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000551</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000551</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000385</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003F47</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003F47</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">003F47</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000383</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000383</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000383</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The role of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus.</title><author><name sortKey="Ganos, Christos" sort="Ganos, Christos" uniqKey="Ganos C" first="Christos" last="Ganos">Christos Ganos</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany; Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany; Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lübeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kassavetis, Panagiotis" sort="Kassavetis, Panagiotis" uniqKey="Kassavetis P" first="Panagiotis" last="Kassavetis">Panagiotis Kassavetis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Erro, Roberto" sort="Erro, Roberto" uniqKey="Erro R" first="Roberto" last="Erro">Roberto Erro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Mark J" sort="Edwards, Mark J" uniqKey="Edwards M" first="Mark J" last="Edwards">Mark J. Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rothwell, John" sort="Rothwell, John" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John" last="Rothwell">John Rothwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Ataxia (pathology)</term><term>Ataxia (physiopathology)</term><term>Cerebellum (pathology)</term><term>Cerebellum (physiopathology)</term><term>Cerebral Cortex (pathology)</term><term>Cerebral Cortex (physiopathology)</term><term>Electroencephalography</term><term>Humans</term><term>Myoclonus (etiology)</term><term>Myoclonus (pathology)</term><term>Myoclonus (physiopathology)</term><term>Synaptic Transmission (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Myoclonus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ataxia</term><term>Cerebellum</term><term>Cerebral Cortex</term><term>Myoclonus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Synaptic Transmission</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ataxia</term><term>Cerebellum</term><term>Cerebral Cortex</term><term>Myoclonus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Electroencephalography</term><term>Humans</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The putative involvement of the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonic syndromes has been long hypothesized, as neuropathological changes in patients with cortical myoclonus have most commonly been found in the cerebellum rather than in the suspected culprit, the primary somatosensory cortex. A model of increased cortical excitability due to loss of cerebellar inhibitory control via cerebello-thalamo-cortical connections has been proposed, but evidence remains equivocal. Here, we explore this hypothesis by examining syndromes that present with cortical myoclonus and ataxia. We first describe common clinical characteristics and underlying neuropathology. We critically view information on cerebellar physiology with regard to motorcortical output and compare findings between hypothesized and reported neurophysiological changes in conditions with cortical myoclonus and ataxia. We synthesize knowledge and focus on neurochemical changes in these conditions. Finally, we propose that the combination of alterations in inhibitory neurotransmission and the presence of cerebellar pathology are important elements in the pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bhatia, Kailash P" sort="Bhatia, Kailash P" uniqKey="Bhatia K" first="Kailash P" last="Bhatia">Kailash P. Bhatia</name><name sortKey="Edwards, Mark J" sort="Edwards, Mark J" uniqKey="Edwards M" first="Mark J" last="Edwards">Mark J. Edwards</name><name sortKey="Erro, Roberto" sort="Erro, Roberto" uniqKey="Erro R" first="Roberto" last="Erro">Roberto Erro</name><name sortKey="Kassavetis, Panagiotis" sort="Kassavetis, Panagiotis" uniqKey="Kassavetis P" first="Panagiotis" last="Kassavetis">Panagiotis Kassavetis</name><name sortKey="Rothwell, John" sort="Rothwell, John" uniqKey="Rothwell J" first="John" last="Rothwell">John Rothwell</name></noCountry><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ganos, Christos" sort="Ganos, Christos" uniqKey="Ganos C" first="Christos" last="Ganos">Christos Ganos</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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